In Japan, they are called hashirou or hashidono, and it seems that one the oldest was build around the same time as the oldest European wooden covered bridge (Kapellbrücke in Lucerne, Switzerland), during the 14th century. Called Tsutenkyo, this hashirou was last rebuilt in 1951 and can be visited inside the Tofuku-ji Temple in Kyoto.
EXIF info:
Nikon D90
Lens: 8-16mm F/4.5-5.6G
Focal Length: 8mm
Aperture: F/5.6
Shutter Speed: 1/125s
ISO Sensitivity: ISO 200